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Acción internacional efectiva contra la desnutrición: ¿por qué ha resultado tan difícil y qué se puede hacer para
Saul S Morris1, Bruce Cogill, Ricardo Uauy
1London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 22, 2008
Resumen
El sistema internacional de nutrición para la desnutrición materna e infantil muestra deficiencias significativas en la administración, la movilización de recursos, la prestación de servicios y el desarrollo de capacidades. Problemas sistémicos como la fragmentación impiden el progreso, lo que hace necesaria una nueva arquitectura internacional.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global La salud global.
- Desarrollo internacional Desarrollo internacional.
- Ciencias de la Nutrición Ciencias de la Nutrición
Sus antecedentes:
- Las organizaciones transnacionales colaboran para combatir la desnutrición materna e infantil en las naciones con alta carga.
- Estas entidades forman un sistema internacional de nutrición, interconectados por lazos financieros, intelectuales y personales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el desempeño del sistema internacional de nutrición en cuatro áreas funcionales clave.
- Identificar las debilidades sistémicas y proponer recomendaciones viables para la mejora.
- Para delinear una nueva arquitectura internacional para las intervenciones de nutrición.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos de diversas fuentes.
- Evaluación del rendimiento del sistema en la administración, movilización de recursos financieros, provisión directa de servicios (desastres / conflictos) y fortalecimiento de recursos humanos / institucionales.
- Análisis de problemas sistémicos utilizando un enfoque de árbol de problemas.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron deficiencias sustanciales en las cuatro áreas funcionales.
- Los temas recurrentes incluyen la fragmentación, la falta de priorización basada en la evidencia, la inercia institucional y la escasa colaboración intersectorial.
- Los problemas sistémicos dentro de las organizaciones contribuyen significativamente a estas debilidades.
Conclusiones:
- El actual sistema internacional de nutrición está fragmentado y tiene un bajo rendimiento.
- Abordar los problemas sistémicos y la implementación de acciones prioritarias son cruciales para desarrollar una arquitectura internacional más efectiva.
- Las recomendaciones se centran en superar las debilidades identificadas para mejorar los resultados de la nutrición materna e infantil.
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