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Emisiones volcánicas difusas de dióxido de carbono de la isla Vulcano, Italia
Nature
|March 1, 1990
Resumen
Los volcanes liberan dióxido de carbono del suelo y los pozos, no sólo los cráteres. Esta desgasificación difusa, particularmente en la isla Vulcano, ofrece nuevas formas de monitorear la actividad volcánica y evaluar los peligros de los gases.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- Volcanología Volcanología.
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las emisiones volcánicas de dióxido de carbono (CO2) se estudian tradicionalmente en cráteres activos.
- Investigaciones recientes sugieren que la liberación difusa de CO2 de los flancos volcánicos es significativa.
- Comprender la desgasificación lateral es crucial para el monitoreo integral de los volcanes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las emisiones difusas de dióxido de carbono (CO2) del suelo y los pozos de agua en la isla de Vulcano.
- Para determinar el origen y las características de las emisiones laterales de gases volcánicos.
- Evaluar el potencial de la desgasificación difusa para el monitoreo de volcanes y la evaluación de peligros.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de gases del suelo y el aire en pozos de agua.
- Medición de las concentraciones de dióxido de carbono (CO2), helio (He) y radón.
- Análisis isotópico del carbono (relaciones (13)C/(12)C) y las relaciones de gas (He/CO2).
Principales resultados:
- Se detectaron importantes emisiones difusas de dióxido de carbono (CO2) en las laderas y el istmo de la isla Vulcano.
- Las emanaciones de CO2 de las laderas del cono de Fossa mostraron firmas geoquímicas similares a las fumarolas del cráter, lo que indica un origen volcánico.
- Los gases del istmo se agotaron en helio y (13) C, lo que sugiere una fuente diferente.
- Las emanaciones difusas representan una producción sustancial de CO2 (30 toneladas/día) y un peligro potencial.
Conclusiones:
- Las emisiones difusas de gases volcánicos de los flancos y el suelo son un componente importante de la desgasificación volcánica.
- Los análisis geoquímicos e isotópicos confirman el origen volcánico de algunas emisiones difusas de CO2.
- La desgasificación difusa puede ser una herramienta valiosa para el monitoreo continuo del volcán a distancias seguras.
- Estas emanaciones representan una amenaza directa para la población local de la isla Vulcano.
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