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El vórtice de vanguardia mejora la elevación en los murciélagos de vuelo lento
F T Muijres1, L C Johansson, R Barfield
1Department of Theoretical Ecology, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 1, 2008
Resumen
Los murciélagos, al igual que los insectos, usan aerodinámica inestable para volar. Este estudio muestra que los murciélagos que se alimentan de néctar generan elevación utilizando vórtices de vanguardia (LEV) para mejorar las capacidades de vuelo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La aerodinámica es muy importante.
- La biomecánica es la biomecánica.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La teoría aerodinámica de estado casi estacionario sugiere que los vertebrados de vuelo lento no pueden generar suficiente fuerza de elevación.
- Se proponen mecanismos aerodinámicos inestables para mejorar la producción de elevación en vuelo de aleteo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la generación de elevación en el vuelo lento hacia adelante de un murciélago que se alimenta de néctar.
- Para determinar si los murciélagos utilizan mecanismos aerodinámicos inestables, específicamente vórtices de vanguardia (LEV).
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó la velocimetría de imagen de partículas digitales (DPIV) para analizar los patrones de flujo de aire.
- Las mediciones se tomaron durante el vuelo lento hacia adelante de un pequeño murciélago que se alimenta de néctar.
Principales resultados:
- Los murciélagos aumentaron la elevación hasta en un 40% mediante el uso de vórtices de vanguardia (LEV) adjuntos.
- Se logró un coeficiente de elevación máximo de 4,8.
- La reconexión del flujo de aire se produjo sin problemas a pesar de los altos ángulos de ataque y la inclinación del ala.
Conclusiones:
- Los mecanismos aerodinámicos inestables, como los LEV, son cruciales para el vuelo del murciélago.
- El uso de LEVs en el vuelo de aleteo se extiende más allá de los insectos a animales más grandes.
- Los murciélagos emplean estrategias aerodinámicas avanzadas para una flotación eficiente y un vuelo lento.
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