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La calcificación del fitoplancton en un mundo con alto contenido de CO2
M Debora Iglesias-Rodriguez1, Paul R Halloran, Rosalind E M Rickaby
1National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 19, 2008
Resumen
El aumento de los niveles de dióxido de carbono impulsa inesperadamente la calcificación en los cocolitóforos, productores clave de carbonato de calcio marino. Este hallazgo desafía las suposiciones sobre los impactos de la acidificación oceánica en estos organismos vitales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- En general, se predice que la acidificación de los océanos, impulsada por el aumento del CO2 atmosférico, inhibirá la calcificación marina.
- Los coccolitóforos son importantes contribuyentes a la producción de carbonato de calcio marino (CaCO3), que representan aproximadamente un tercio de los totales mundiales.
- Comprender las respuestas de los cocolitóforos al cambio de la química del océano es crucial para predecir la dinámica futura del océano.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el impacto de elevadas presiones parciales de CO2 en la calcificación y la producción primaria de Emiliania huxleyi.yi.
- Evaluar si las observaciones de campo se alinean con los hallazgos de laboratorio con respecto a las respuestas de los cocolitóforos al aumento de CO2.
Principales métodos:
- Experimentos de laboratorio en los que Emiliania huxleyi fue expuesta a presiones parciales de CO2 variables.
- Análisis de núcleos de sedimentos oceánicos profundos para reconstruir los cambios históricos en la masa de cocolitos en los últimos 220 años.
Principales resultados:
- Los resultados de laboratorio mostraron un aumento significativo en la calcificación y la producción primaria neta en Emiliania huxleyi bajo condiciones de alto CO2.
- La evidencia de campo indicó un aumento del 40% en la masa promedio de cocolitos en los últimos 220 años, consistente con los hallazgos de laboratorio.
- Los coccolitóforos están respondiendo activamente al aumento de los niveles de CO2 atmosférico.
Conclusiones:
- Contrariamente a las expectativas, Emiliania huxleyi demuestra una mayor calcificación con el aumento del CO2.
- El aumento histórico observado en la masa de cocolitos apoya la conclusión de que los cocolitóforos se están adaptando a las cambiantes condiciones oceánicas.
- Estos hallazgos requieren revisiones en los modelos biogeoquímicos que predicen futuros escenarios oceánicos y climáticos.
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