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La diversidad del fenotipo metabólico humano y su asociación con la dieta y la presión arterial
Elaine Holmes1, Ruey Leng Loo, Jeremiah Stamler
1Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Surgery, Oncology, Reproductive Biology and Anaesthetics (SORA), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Nature
|April 22, 2008
Resumen
Los fenotipos metabólicos varían significativamente entre las poblaciones, influenciados por la dieta y el estilo de vida. El análisis de metabolitos urinarios revela vínculos entre la excreción de formato, alanina e hipurato y la presión arterial, ofreciendo potenciales biomarcadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Metabolomía y epidemiología.
- El fenotipo metabólico humano humano.
- Factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular Factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular
Sus antecedentes:
- Los fenotipos metabólicos son el resultado de interacciones complejas que incluyen dieta, medio ambiente, microbiota intestinal y genética.
- Comprender la variación metabólica a nivel de la población es crucial para identificar los factores de riesgo de enfermedad.
- La presión arterial es un factor de riesgo clave para las enfermedades cardiovasculares, una de las principales causas de mortalidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la variación del fenotipo metabólico a través y dentro de diversas poblaciones humanas.
- Para vincular los metabolitos urinarios discriminatorios a los datos individuales de la presión arterial.
- Explorar el potencial del fenotipo metabólico para descubrir nuevos biomarcadores de enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de espectroscopia de RMN de 1H de 4.630 participantes en el estudio INTERMAP (China, Japón, Reino Unido, Estados Unidos).
- Examen de dos muestras de orina de 24 horas por participante.
- Análisis estadístico para identificar metabolitos diferenciadores y su asociación con la presión arterial.
Principales resultados:
- Diferenciación significativa (P < 10(-16)) en los patrones de excreción urinaria de metabolitos entre las poblaciones de Asia Oriental y Occidente.
- Los fenotipos metabólicos también diferían dentro de las poblaciones chinas / japonesas en función de la dieta y la presión arterial.
- El formato urinario, la alanina y la excreción de hippurate mostraron asociaciones significativas con la presión arterial individual.
Conclusiones:
- El fenotipo metabólico de los datos epidemiológicos puede revelar perfiles metabólicos específicos de la población.
- Los metabolitos urinarios específicos (formato, alanina, hipurato) están asociados con la presión arterial.
- Este enfoque es prometedor para el descubrimiento de nuevos biomarcadores para el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular.
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