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Polifosfato marino: un actor clave en el secuestro geológico de fósforo
Julia Diaz1, Ellery Ingall, Claudia Benitez-Nelson
1School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0340, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 3, 2008
Resumen
La formación mineral de fosfato de calcio en sedimentos marinos, un sumidero clave de fósforo, se explica por los polifosfatos de diatomeas. Este descubrimiento aclara un misterio de larga data en la geoquímica marina y la sedimentología.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- Ciencias Marinas Ciencias Marinas.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los minerales autogénicos de fosfato de calcio en los sedimentos marinos son un sumidero significativo de fósforo.
- El mecanismo de formación de estos minerales es poco conocido debido a la química desfavorable de los sedimentos.
- Los polifosfatos derivados del diatomo son abundantes en los ambientes marinos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dilucidar el mecanismo de la formación mineral de fosfato de calcio in situ en los sedimentos marinos.
- Para identificar el papel de los polifosfatos derivados de diatomeas en este proceso.
- Para explicar la distribución dispersa observada de los minerales de fosfato de calcio.
Principales métodos:
- Técnicas de rayos X de alta sensibilidad.
- La electrodiálisis.
- Análisis de muestras de sedimentos marinos.
Principales resultados:
- Los polifosfatos derivados del diatomo son críticos para la formación mineral del fosfato de calcio.
- Un nuevo mecanismo que involucra a los polifosfatos explica la precipitación mineral.
- Este mecanismo explica la distribución generalizada y dispersa de estos minerales.
Conclusiones:
- Los polifosfatos de las diatomeas impulsan la formación mineral de fosfato de calcio en los sedimentos marinos.
- Este hallazgo resuelve un misterio fundamental en la geoquímica marina.
- El mecanismo propuesto explica un proceso biogeoquímico clave que afecta el ciclo del fósforo.
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