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Impactos del nitrógeno antropogénico atmosférico en el océano abierto
R A Duce1, J LaRoche, K Altieri
1Departments of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 20, 2008
Resumen
La deposición de nitrógeno atmosférico tiene un impacto significativo en los ecosistemas oceánicos, suministrando nutrientes esenciales pero también aumentando las emisiones de óxido nitroso (N2O). Este efecto de fertilización de nitrógeno en la extracción de dióxido de carbono es compensado en gran medida por el N2O, un potente gas de efecto invernadero.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Química de la atmósfera La química de la atmósfera
- Ciclos biogeoquímicos y ciclos biogeoquímicos.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento del nitrógeno fijo antropogénico atmosférico impacta en los presupuestos de nitrógeno marino.
- La deposición de nitrógeno representa un suministro sustancial de nutrientes externos al océano abierto.
- Este proceso influye en la producción biológica marina y en las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar el impacto de la deposición de nitrógeno atmosférico en el suministro de nitrógeno del océano.
- Evaluar los efectos de este depósito en la producción biológica marina y la extracción de carbono.
- Evaluar las implicaciones netas del forzamiento radiativo, considerando tanto la absorción de dióxido de carbono como la liberación de óxido nitroso (N2O).
Principales métodos:
- El estudio probablemente involucra el análisis de presupuestos globales de nitrógeno y datos oceanográficos.
- Puede utilizar modelos biogeoquímicos para simular las entradas de nutrientes y las respuestas biológicas.
- La cuantificación de la deposición atmosférica, la nueva producción y los flujos de gases de efecto invernadero es central.
Principales resultados:
- El nitrógeno atmosférico proporciona hasta un tercio del suministro externo de nitrógeno del océano.
- Esta entrada apoya aproximadamente el 3% de la nueva producción biológica marina (0,3 Pg C / año).
- Se puede producir hasta 1,6 Tg de N2O por año, compensando los beneficios de extracción de dióxido de carbono.
Conclusiones:
- La deposición de nitrógeno atmosférico es un motor importante de la biogeoquímica oceánica.
- Mientras mejora la absorción de carbono, simultáneamente eleva las emisiones de óxido nitroso.
- El impacto climático neto es complejo, con potencial de calentamiento debido al aumento de N2O.
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