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Evolución de los mamíferos y sus microbios intestinales
Ruth E Ley1, Micah Hamady, Catherine Lozupone
1Center for Genome Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 24, 2008
Resumen
Los mamíferos albergan diversas comunidades microbianas, que influyen en su evolución. Las bacterias intestinales humanas se alinean con los primates omnívoros, lo que refleja la dieta y la filogenia del huésped en la diversidad microbiana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología microbiana Ecología microbiana.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Biología de los mamíferos Biología de los mamíferos
Sus antecedentes:
- Los mamíferos son ecosistemas complejos, que comprenden genes del huésped y genomas microbianos.
- Comprender la coevolución de mamíferos y microbios es crucial para comprender la biología del huésped.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la relación coevolucionaria entre los mamíferos y su microbiota intestinal.
- Para analizar cómo la dieta del huésped y la filogenia dan forma a las comunidades bacterianas a través de las especies de mamíferos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis basado en red de secuencias genéticas de ARN ribosomal 16S bacteriano.
- Muestreo de microbiota fecal de humanos y otras 59 especies de mamíferos en diversos entornos.
Principales resultados:
- La diversidad bacteriana aumenta con los cambios en la dieta de carnívoros a herbívoros.
- Las comunidades bacterianas demuestran patrones de codiversificación con sus huéspedes mamíferos.
- La composición de la microbiota intestinal humana se asemeja a la de los primates omnívoros.
Conclusiones:
- La dieta del huésped y la historia evolutiva son factores clave de la composición microbiana intestinal.
- El microbioma intestinal humano está moldeado por presiones evolutivas comunes a los primates omnívoros.
- Las interacciones entre mamíferos y microbios representan un aspecto significativo de la metagenómica de los mamíferos.
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