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El almacenamiento indirecto y reversible de hidrógeno de alta densidad en sales de aminas de metales compactos
Rasmus Z Sørensen1, Jens S Hummelshøj, Asbjørn Klerke
1Center for Sustainable and Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Building 206, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 14, 2008
Resumen
Los cloruros de aminas metálicas como Ca ((NH3) 8Cl2 ofrecen almacenamiento de hidrógeno indirecto de alta capacidad. Estos materiales liberan amoníaco (NH3) e hidrógeno (H2) rápidamente, mostrando potencial para aplicaciones de almacenamiento de hidrógeno.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Ingeniería Química Ingeniería Química.
- Tecnologías de almacenamiento de hidrógeno.
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo de materiales eficientes de almacenamiento de hidrógeno es crucial para el avance de las tecnologías de energía limpia.
- Los cloruros de aminas metálicas presentan una vía prometedora para el almacenamiento indirecto de hidrógeno debido a su alto contenido de hidrógeno.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el potencial indirecto de almacenamiento de hidrógeno de Mg ((NH3) 6Cl2, Ca ((NH3) 8Cl2, Mn ((NH3) 6Cl2 y Ni ((NH3) 6Cl2.
- Para analizar la cinética y los mecanismos de liberación de amoníaco (NH3) e hidrógeno (H2) de estos cloruros de ammina metálicos.
Principales métodos:
- Compactación de cloruros de aminas metálicas en tabletas sólidas densas.
- Utilizando la desorción programada por temperatura (TPD) con velocidades de calentamiento variables para estudiar la liberación de NH3.
- Empleando cálculos de la teoría funcional de densidad (DFT) para modelar entalpias y mecanismos de desorción.
Principales resultados:
- Los cuatro cloruros de aminas metálicas lograron altas densidades (>95% de densidad cristalina) cuando se compactaron.
- Ca(NH3) 8Cl2 demostró una capacidad significativa de almacenamiento de hidrógeno (hasta 9,78 por ciento de peso H y 0,116 kg H/L).
- La desorción de NH3 está limitada principalmente por la transferencia de calor, lo que indica una cinética rápida, y las estructuras nanoporosas facilitan la desorción en Mg ((NH3) 6Cl2, Mn ((NH3) 6Cl2 y Ni ((NH3) 6Cl2.
Conclusiones:
- Los cloruros de aminas metálicas son materiales efectivos para el almacenamiento indirecto de hidrógeno, ofreciendo altas densidades gravimétricas y volumétricas.
- La cinética de desorción rápida se atribuye a las limitaciones de transferencia de calor y la formación de estructuras nanoporosas.
- Los cálculos de DFT apoyan un mecanismo de liberación de la cadena de superficie para ciclos rápidos de absorción / desorción de hidrógeno.
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