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Un compuesto estable de silicio (((0) con un doble enlace Si=Si
Yuzhong Wang1, Yaoming Xie, Pingrong Wei
1Department of Chemistry and Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2556, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 23, 2008
Resumen
Los investigadores sintetizaron una nueva molécula diatómica de silicio con un doble enlace silicio-silicio. Esta molécula estabilizada con carbenos presenta átomos de silicio en el estado de oxidación cero, un raro motivo de enlace en los elementos del grupo principal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química Inorgánica La Química Inorgánica es la química inorgánica.
- Química del organosilicio Química del organosilicio
- Grupo Principal Elementos de la Química de los Elementos
Sus antecedentes:
- La coordinación del ligando dativo es frecuente en la química de los metales de transición.
- Esta unión se observa con poca frecuencia en los elementos del grupo principal en el estado de oxidación cero.
- Los complejos hipervalentes de silicio-carbeno ofrecen una plataforma para explorar nuevos enlaces.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar y caracterizar nuevos compuestos de silicio con enlaces inusuales.
- Para investigar la formación de enlaces múltiples silicio-silicio en compuestos del grupo principal de valencia cero.
- Para explorar el efecto estabilizador de los carbenos en las especies de silicio de baja valencia.
Principales métodos:
- Reducción por grafito de potasio de un complejo hipervalente neutro de silicio-carbeno (L:SiCl4).
- Síntesis de un bisisileno estabilizado con carbenos (L:Cl) Si-SiCl:L).
- Caracterización de una molécula de silicio diatómico estabilizada con carbenos (L:Si=Si:L) utilizando difracción de rayos X y estudios computacionales.
Principales resultados:
- Formación de L: ((Cl) Si-Si ((Cl):L, un bisisileno estabilizado con carbenos.
- Aislamiento de L:Si=Si:L, una molécula de silicio diatómico estabilizada con carbenos.
- La molécula de silicio diatómico exhibe una distancia de enlace silicio-silicio de 2.2294 ± 0.0011 Å, lo que indica un doble enlace Si = Si.
- Los estudios computacionales confirmaron la naturaleza de unión en ambos productos.
Conclusiones:
- Demostró la síntesis de una molécula diatómica de silicio con un estado formal de oxidación cero para el silicio.
- Estableció la existencia de un doble enlace silicio-silicio estabilizado por un ligando de carbeno.
- Destacó el potencial de los ligandos de carbenos en la estabilización de motivos de enlace inusuales en la química del grupo principal.
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