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Integrar intervenciones de salud para mujeres, recién nacidos y niños: un marco de acción
Björn Ekman1, Indra Pathmanathan, Jerker Liljestrand
1Lund University, Lund Sweden.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 16, 2008
Resumen
Mejorar la salud materna, neonatal y infantil (MNCH) requiere intervenciones integradas y rentables dentro de los sistemas de atención primaria de salud. La implementación gradual, las acciones basadas en la comunidad y la planificación a nivel de distrito son clave para el éxito, especialmente para las poblaciones desfavorecidas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud.
- Salud Materna y Infantil.
Sus antecedentes:
- El acceso a intervenciones rentables de salud materna, neonatal e infantil (MNCH) es crucial para las poblaciones vulnerables.
- Los sistemas de salud débiles se enfrentan a desafíos en la entrega de paquetes integrales de MNCH.
- Las experiencias mundiales ponen de relieve el potencial para mejorar los resultados de MNCH a través de intervenciones estratégicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para delinear estrategias para la entrega de intervenciones integradas MNCH dentro de los sistemas de atención primaria de salud.
- Identificar los componentes clave para una implementación exitosa del paquete MNCH.
- Hacer hincapié en la importancia de la creación de capacidades incrementales y la planificación a nivel de distrito.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de las experiencias de países como Irán, Malasia, Sri Lanka, China, Tanzania y la India.
- Análisis de paquetes integrados de intervenciones de salud rentables.
- Examen de las intervenciones basadas en la comunidad, protección social y acción intersectorial.
Principales resultados:
- La mejora de los resultados de la MNCH se puede lograr mediante la implementación gradual de paquetes integrados adaptados a la capacidad del sistema de salud.
- Los paquetes exitosos combinan intervenciones basadas en la comunidad con protección social y acciones intersectoriales (educación, infraestructura, reducción de la pobreza).
- La planificación y gestión a nivel de distrito, respaldada por políticas nacionales y asociaciones internacionales, son esenciales.
Conclusiones:
- La integración de los paquetes de atención de MNCH en sistemas de atención primaria reforzados mejora la continuidad de la atención.
- Este enfoque mejora el acceso a los servicios esenciales a lo largo de la continuidad de la atención, desde el embarazo hasta la infancia.
- El fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud del distrito es fundamental para la entrega efectiva de la intervención de MNCH.
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