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Una hembra del Homo erectus de la pelvis de Gona, Etiopía
Scott W Simpson1, Jay Quade, Naomi E Levin
1Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106-4930, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 15, 2008
Resumen
Una nueva pelvis adulta hembra de Homo erectus revela que esta especie evolucionó una mayor capacidad pélvica para dar a luz a bebés con cerebros más grandes. Este hallazgo desafía las teorías anteriores sobre las adaptaciones pélvicas del Homo erectus.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleoantropología es la paleoantropología.
- Evolución del ser humano Evolución del ser humano
- Biología esquelética Biología esquelética.
Sus antecedentes:
- Análisis previos de Homo erectus (KNM-WT 15000) sugirieron una forma de cuerpo alto y delgado y una pelvis obstétricamente restringida.
- Se planteó la hipótesis de que las pelvas del Homo erectus estaban adaptadas para dar a luz a neonatos de cerebro pequeño y altricial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para describir una pelvis de una hembra adulta casi completa de Homo erectus del Pleistoceno temprano.
- Investigar la evolución de la forma pélvica en el Homo erectus en relación con el tamaño del cerebro fetal y las adaptaciones ambientales.
Principales métodos:
- Excavación y análisis de fósiles de la pelvis de la hembra adulta Homo erectus de la Formación Busidima, Gona, Etiopía.
- Análisis anatómico comparativo para inferir morfología funcional y tendencias evolutivas.
Principales resultados:
- La pelvis descubierta tiene capacidad obstétrica, lo que indica una salida pélvica más grande de lo que se infería anteriormente para el Homo erectus.
- La forma pélvica en el Homo erectus muestra evidencia de evolución en respuesta al aumento del tamaño del cerebro fetal.
Conclusiones:
- La pelvis de la hembra adulta desafía la noción de una pelvis de Homo erectus universalmente restringida.
- La evolución de la morfología pélvica en los primeros Homo erectus fue influenciada principalmente por el crecimiento del cerebro fetal, no solo por las adaptaciones ambientales tropicales o la carrera de resistencia.
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