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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Stress: General Loading Conditions01:15

Stress: General Loading Conditions

To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes.
Stress Concentrations01:13

Stress Concentrations

The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress concentration...
Stress Concentrations01:24

Stress Concentrations

Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller width...
Stress on an Oblique Plane01:16

Stress on an Oblique Plane

Understanding stress on an oblique plane under axial loading is pivotal in material mechanics. This analysis offers insight into a material's durability and strength, which is crucial for civil engineering and structural design. Axial loading refers to force application along the material's central axis, causing compression or elongation and leading to normal stress. Normal stress occurs when a force acts perpendicularly to the material's area, resulting in compressive or tensile stress. When...
Principal Stresses01:24

Principal Stresses

The graphical depiction of normal and shearing stress equations is represented by a circle, demonstrating the interplay between these stresses under different angular conditions. The center of this circle C, located on the vertical axis, represents the average normal stress, while its radius shows the range of stress variations. At points A and B, where the circle intersects the horizontal axis, the maximum and minimum normal stresses are observed, occurring without shearing stress. These...
Stress01:20

Stress

When a force is applied on a body, it undergoes deformation. In order to restore the body to its original shape and/or size, an opposite or restoring force is generated within the body. This restoring force is equal to the magnitude of the applied force, but acts in the opposite direction. The amount of this restoring force developed per unit area of the body is called stress. Stress is a tensor quantity and has the SI unit pascal. Stress can be separated into four broad categories depending...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Method for the Assessment of Effects of a Range of Wavelengths and Intensities of Red/near-infrared Light Therapy on Oxidative Stress In Vitro
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Method for the Assessment of Effects of a Range of Wavelengths and Intensities of Red/near-infrared Light Therapy on Oxidative Stress In Vitro

Published on: March 21, 2015

Iluminando la estresada sala de emergencias.

Sang-Wook Kang1, Ramanujan S Hegde

  • 1National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Cell
|December 2, 2008
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores utilizaron una proteína fluorescente especial para observar el retículo endoplasmático (RE) en la levadura. Esto les ayudó a entender cómo el ER maneja la producción y maduración de proteínas durante el estrés.

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Published on: May 2, 2019

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Method for the Assessment of Effects of a Range of Wavelengths and Intensities of Red/near-infrared Light Therapy on Oxidative Stress In Vitro
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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología celular Biología celular.
  • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
  • La bioquímica es la bioquímica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El mantenimiento de la homeostasis del retículo endoplasmático (ER) es vital para la función celular.
  • La maduración de las proteínas y el flujo de proteínas deben estar equilibrados dentro de la ER.
  • El entorno interno de la ER juega un papel clave en estos procesos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la respuesta dinámica del entorno ER a las perturbaciones celulares.
  • Desarrollar y utilizar un nuevo método para monitorear el estado redox de ER en células vivas.
  • Para entender cómo se mantiene la homeostasis ER bajo condiciones variables de carga de proteínas.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó una proteína fluorescente sensible al redox genéticamente codificada (roGFP) en Saccharomyces cerevisiae (levadura).
  • Empleó técnicas de imagen de células vivas para monitorear el potencial redox de ER.
  • Se introdujeron perturbaciones específicas para alterar el flujo de proteínas y el estrés ER.

Principales resultados:

  • Cambios demostrados en tiempo real en el entorno redox de ER en respuesta a diferentes perturbaciones.
  • Cambios correlacionados en el estado redox de ER con la capacidad de maduración de proteínas.
  • Proporcionó información sobre los mecanismos de adaptación de la ER.

Conclusiones:

  • El entorno redox ER es un parámetro dinámico que responde al flujo de proteínas.
  • El monitoreo del estado redox de ER ofrece un enfoque valioso para estudiar la homeostasis de ER.
  • Este estudio ilumina la capacidad de la ER para adaptarse y mantener la función bajo estrés.