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Ruptura parcial de una mancha bloqueada del megatrust de Sumatra durante la secuencia de terremotos de 2007
A Ozgun Konca1, Jean-Philippe Avouac, Anthony Sladen
1Tectonics Observatory, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
Nature
|December 5, 2008
Resumen
Los terremotos de Mentawai de 2007 muestran que las zonas de subducción pueden romperse en diferentes patrones. Esto sugiere que el potencial de grandes eventos de megatrust en la región sigue siendo significativo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Sismología Sismología Sismología.
- La tectónica es la tectónica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El terremoto de Sumatra-Andamán de 2004 puso de relieve los peligros de las zonas de subducción.
- El megatrust de Sunda tiene una historia de grandes terremotos, incluso en el área de Mentawai (1797, 1833).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar los terremotos de Mentawai 2007 (M(w) 8.4 y 7.9) y sus características de ruptura.
- Comprender la variabilidad en los patrones de ruptura de megathrust y sus implicaciones para futuros eventos sísmicos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos sísmicos de los terremotos de Mentawai de 2007.
- Comparación de las áreas de ruptura y los momentos sísmicos con eventos históricos (1797, 1833).
- Evaluación de los estados de estrés y el papel de las barreras en la ruptura de megathrust.
Principales resultados:
- Los terremotos de 2007 rompieron sólo una fracción del área afectada en 1833.
- Se involucraron asperidades claras dentro de un parche bloqueado del megatrust.
- El momento sísmico liberado fue significativamente menor que los eventos históricos y el déficit de tensión acumulado.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones de ruptura de Megathrust pueden variar dependiendo del comportamiento de asperidad (aislado vs. cooperativo).
- Las barreras no permanentes influyen en la variabilidad de la ruptura.
- El área de Mentawai conserva un potencial significativo para un gran terremoto megatrust futuro.
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