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Papel regulador de los parásitos: impacto en los desplazamientos de la población huésped con la disponibilidad de
J O Washburn1, D R Mercer, J R Anderson
1Department of Entomology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 12, 1991
Resumen
Las infecciones parasitarias por Lambornella clarki redujeron las poblaciones de mosquitos cuando la comida era abundante. Sin embargo, bajo la escasez de alimentos, estas infecciones beneficiaron a los mosquitos al reducir la competencia, lo que llevó a más adultos con una mayor aptitud física.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Parasitología Parasitología.
- Entomología Entomología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las infecciones parasitarias pueden afectar significativamente a las poblaciones de huéspedes.
- Lambornella clarki es un parásito ciliado del mosquito Aedes sierrensis.
- La dinámica huésped-parásito de las larvas está influenciada por factores ambientales como la disponibilidad de alimentos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los efectos de las infecciones por Lambornella clarki en las poblaciones larvales de Aedes sierrensis.
- Para determinar cómo la disponibilidad de alimentos modula las interacciones huésped-parásito y los resultados.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo estudios de laboratorio y de campo.
- Las poblaciones larvales de Aedes sierrensis fueron monitoreadas bajo diferentes condiciones de alimentación.
- Se cuantificaron las tasas de parasitismo y la aparición de mosquitos.
Principales resultados:
- En condiciones de alimento suficiente, las infecciones por Lambornella clarki causaron mortalidad adicional, reduciendo los mosquitos adultos emergentes.
- En condiciones de alimentación limitada, las infecciones resultaron en una mortalidad compensatoria o depensatoria, con más o iguales adultos que emergen en comparación con los controles.
- El parasitismo bajo la escasez de alimentos relajó la competencia de las larvas, aumentando los recursos alimentarios per cápita y mejorando la condición física promedio de los adultos.
Conclusiones:
- La disponibilidad de alimentos es un factor crítico que media el impacto de Lambornella clarki en el Aedes sierrensis.
- El parasitismo puede tener efectos contrastantes en la dinámica de la población anfitriona dependiendo de los niveles de recursos.
- Bajo la limitación de recursos, las infecciones parasitarias pueden paradójicamente mejorar la aptitud del huésped al aliviar la competencia.
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