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Expression Analysis of Mammalian Linker-histone Subtypes

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Un gen de especiación de ratón codifica una histona meiotica H3 metiltransferasa

Ondrej Mihola¹, Zdenek Trachtulec, Cestmir Vlcek

¹Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 17, 2008

Resumen

Los investigadores identificaron el gen de especiación de mamíferos, la esterilidad híbrida 1 (Hst1), como Prdm9.9. La función epigenética de este gen en la regulación de la expresión génica es crucial para la fertilidad en los híbridos de ratones domésticos, ofreciendo información sobre la especiación.

Área de la Ciencia:

Genética La genética.
Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
La epigenética es la epigenética.

Sus antecedentes:

Los genes de especiación son vitales para restringir el flujo genético entre poblaciones divergentes.
El gen de especiación de mamíferos, la esterilidad híbrida 1 (Hst1), fue previamente mapeado en híbridos de ratones domésticos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para identificar el gen de especiación de mamíferos Hst1.1.
Para dilucidar los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a la esterilidad híbrida y la especiación.

Principales métodos:

Identificación y caracterización de genes.
Experimentos de rescate funcional utilizando cromosomas artificiales de bacterias.
Análisis de la expresión génica y las modificaciones epigenéticas (compartimentación gammaH2AX).

Principales resultados:

El gen Hst1 fue identificado como Prdm9, que codifica una histona metiltransferasa.
La infertilidad en híbridos machos de ratón doméstico fue rescatada mediante la introducción de un alelo Prdm9 funcional.
Los híbridos estériles exhibieron Morc2b regulado a la baja y no pudieron formar el cuerpo XY, defectos también observados en los mutantes Prdm9-null y rescatados por el transgenoma Prdm9.

Conclusiones:

Prdm9 es un gen de esterilidad híbrido de vertebrados clave.
La regulación epigenética por Prdm9 juega un papel importante en el proceso de especiación.
Este estudio revela una red de genes involucrados en la esterilidad híbrida.

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