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Desgasificación de la Tierra: falta una fuente de etano y propano.
Giuseppe Etiope1, Paolo Ciccioli
1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma 2, via V. Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy. Etiope@ingv.it
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 24, 2009
Resumen
Las filtraciones geológicas naturales, incluidas las de áreas geotérmicas y volcánicas, son una fuente significativa de etano y propano atmosférico. La desgasificación de la Tierra representa al menos el 17% de las emisiones de etano y el 10% de las emisiones de propano, lo que ayuda a equilibrar los presupuestos mundiales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geoquímica y Ciencias Atmosféricas.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los presupuestos atmosféricos globales para el etano (C2H6) están desequilibrados, lo que indica una fuente faltante.
- Los inventarios actuales de emisiones no tienen en cuenta completamente todas las fuentes de hidrocarburos atmosféricos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar la fuente "desconocida" que contribuye a los presupuestos de etano atmosférico.
- Cuantificar la contribución de las filtraciones geológicas naturales a las concentraciones atmosféricas de etano y propano (C3H8).
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las concentraciones de metano (CH4), etano y propano en las emisiones de gases de superficie de 238 sitios geográficos y geológicos diversos.
- Integración de las estimaciones de emisiones de geometano publicadas.
Principales resultados:
- La filtración de gas natural de áreas petrolíferas, geotérmicas y volcánicas se identifica como una fuente sustancial que falta.
- La desgasificación de la Tierra representa al menos el 17% de las emisiones totales de etano.
- La desgasificación de la Tierra representa al menos el 10% de las emisiones totales de propano.
Conclusiones:
- Las fuentes geológicas juegan un papel importante en los presupuestos atmosféricos globales de etano y propano.
- La filtración de gas natural es un contribuyente clave a los niveles de hidrocarburos atmosféricos, lo que ayuda a resolver las discrepancias en los inventarios de emisiones actuales.
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