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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
Ionic Association01:28

Ionic Association

The ionic association is the association of oppositely charged ions in an electrolyte solution to form ion pairs. Bjerrum defined ion pairs as two oppositely charged ions whose electrostatic attraction exceeds the thermal energy of the system, typically expressed as 2kT. Electrostatic attraction depends on ionic charge, separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the medium. Thermal energy, represented by kT, reflects the tendency of ions to move independently due to molecular motion.
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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Published on: March 24, 2018

El emparejamiento iónico en los complejos catiónicos olefina-oro (I)

Daniele Zuccaccia1, Leonardo Belpassi, Francesco Tarantelli

  • 1Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 18, 2009
PubMed
Resumen

El país es el país.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química organometálica Química orgánica de los metales.
  • Química supramolecular de las moléculas.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las interacciones de cationes aniónicos son cruciales en los complejos organometálicos.
  • La comprensión de estas interacciones influye en el diseño y la reactividad del catalizador.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la orientación relativa de los anión-cationes en los complejos oro-estireno.
  • Determinar cómo los ligandos auxiliares afectan el posicionamiento de los counteriones.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizado fluoro-19, protón-1 espectroscopia de efecto de sobrecarga nuclear (19F,1H-HOESY NMR).
  • Calculaciones de la Teoría Funcional de Densidad Empleada (DFT) con efectos de disolvente y relativistas.

Principales resultados:

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  • En [{PPh}3)) Au{4-Me-estireno}]BF{4), el anión BF{4) está cerca de la región de la olefina, frente al grupo fenilo.
  • En el [{NHC) Au{4-Me-estireno}]BF{4}, el anión BF{4}{-} está cerca del ligando N-heterocíclico del carbeno (NHC).
  • El counterion permanece distante del centro de oro en ambos complejos.

Conclusiones:

  • La posición del counterion es sintonizable a través de la elección del ligando auxiliar.
  • Esta adaptabilidad permite un mayor control sobre las propiedades y la actividad del catalizador.