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Aumento del almacenamiento de carbono en los bosques tropicales africanos intactos
Simon L Lewis1, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Bonaventure Sonké
1Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. s.l.lewis@leeds.ac.uk
Nature
|February 20, 2009
Resumen
Los bosques tropicales africanos están aumentando su almacenamiento de carbono, similar a los bosques amazónicos. Esto sugiere un fenómeno pantropical de bosques viejos que actúan como un sumidero de carbono significativo, potencialmente debido a factores ambientales cambiantes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Silvicultura La silvicultura es la actividad forestal.
Sus antecedentes:
- La respuesta de la vegetación terrestre al cambio ambiental es crucial para predecir los niveles de dióxido de carbono atmosférico.
- Los bosques tropicales son sumideros vitales de carbono debido a su alta densidad de carbono y productividad.
- La dinámica de almacenamiento de carbono de los bosques tropicales africanos sigue siendo en gran medida no cuantificada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar los cambios en el almacenamiento de carbono en los bosques tropicales africanos.
- Para determinar si los bosques africanos exhiben tendencias de secuestro de carbono similares a las observadas en la Amazonia.
- Para estimar la capacidad de absorción de carbono a escala continental de los bosques tropicales africanos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de una red de diez países de parcelas de monitoreo a largo plazo en bosques tropicales africanos.
- Analizó el almacenamiento de carbono sobre el suelo en árboles vivos en 79 parcelas (163 ha) desde 1968 hasta 2007.
- Los hallazgos extrapolados a componentes forestales no medidos y escalados al continente.
Principales resultados:
- El almacenamiento de carbono por encima del suelo en los árboles vivos aumentó en 0,63 Mg C ha (-1) año (-1) en los bosques africanos.
- Se estima un aumento total de 0,34 Pg C yr ((-1) en los árboles de los bosques tropicales africanos.
- Los datos combinados de África, América tropical y Asia revelaron un aumento pan-tropical de 0,49 Mg C ha-1), totalizando un hundimiento de 1,3 Pg C yr-1).
Conclusiones:
- El aumento del almacenamiento de carbono en los bosques tropicales viejos es un fenómeno pantropical.
- Los bosques tropicales africanos contribuyen significativamente al sumidero global de carbono.
- El aumento de las concentraciones de dióxido de carbono atmosférico es un impulsor potencial para el aumento de las reservas de carbono forestal.
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