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Morfología del pie de los primeros homínidos basada en huellas de 1,5 millones de años de antigüedad de Ileret, Kenia
Matthew R Bennett1, John W K Harris, Brian G Richmond
1School of Conservation Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK. mbennett@bmth.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 3, 2009
Resumen
Las huellas fósiles descubiertas en Kenia revelan que los primeros homínidos, hace 1,5 millones de años, poseían una anatomía de los pies parecida a la humana moderna y una locomoción bípeda. Este hallazgo arroja luz sobre la evolución de la estructura de la marcha y el pie humanos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleoantropología es la paleoantropología.
- Evolución del ser humano Evolución del ser humano
- La biomecánica es la biomecánica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los registros de fósiles y huellas de homínidos son escasos, lo que limita la comprensión de la evolución de la marcha humana.
- Descubrimientos anteriores, como las huellas de Laetoli (3,75 Ma), ofrecen información pero carecen de una anatomía funcional detallada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para informar y analizar las huellas de homínidos recién descubiertas de Ileret, Kenia.
- Para establecer la evidencia más antigua de la anatomía y la locomoción del pie de los humanos modernos.
Principales métodos:
- Excavación y datación de capas sedimentarias que contienen huellas de homínidos.
- Análisis morfológico de las características de la huella, incluida la adducción de hallux y el desarrollo del arco.
- Comparación con huellas de homínidos y registros fósiles existentes.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de huellas de homínidos en dos capas fechadas hace 1,51 1,53 millones de años.
- Las huellas exhiben características modernas parecidas a las humanas: hallux aducible, arco longitudinal medial y transferencia de peso medial.
- Las huellas son morfológicamente distintas de las huellas de Laetoli y consistentes con Homo ergaster/erectus.
Conclusiones:
- Hacia 1,5 Ma, los homínidos habían evolucionado esencialmente la moderna anatomía del pie humano y la locomoción bípeda.
- Las huellas de Ileret representan la evidencia más antigua de esta función de pie similar a la humana moderna.
- Estos hallazgos avanzan significativamente en la comprensión de la biomecánica evolutiva humana.
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