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Recuperación de la dilatación de la zona de fallas poco profundas después del terremoto de Bam de 2003 en Irán

Eric J Fielding¹, Paul R Lundgren, Roland Bürgmann

¹Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA. Eric.J.Fielding@jpl.nasa.gov

|March 6, 2009

Resumen

La deformación de la superficie postsísmica revela la compactación de la zona de falla después de los terremotos, revirtiendo la dilatación superficial. Esta observación geodésica ayuda a explicar los déficits de deslizamiento de los terremotos.

Área de la Ciencia:

La geofísica es la geofísica.
Sismología Sismología.
La geodesia es una técnica de geodesia.

Sus antecedentes:

Los terremotos implican el deslizamiento en las fallas y la deformación distribuida dentro de las zonas de falla.
El deslizamiento del terremoto causa cambios de tensión, lo que lleva a la dilatación de la zona de falla y a cambios en la velocidad sísmica.
La dilatación y su recuperación no se han observado geodéticamente antes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para observar geodéticamente la inversión de la dilatación de la zona de falla y la deformación postsísmica.
Para investigar la relación entre la compactación de zonas de fallas poco profundas y el deslizamiento profundo.
Para resolver la paradoja de los déficits de deslizamiento poco profundo en las rupturas de fallas de deslizamiento.

Principales métodos:

Análisis interferométrico de imágenes de radar de apertura sintética (InSAR).
Medición de la deformación de la superficie postsísmica.
Análisis del terremoto de 2003 en Bam, Irán.

Principales resultados:

El hundimiento de la superficie observado indica la compactación de la zona de falla poco profunda.
Se ha demostrado la reversión de la dilatación cosisismica.
Compactación localizada directamente por encima del área de mayor deslizamiento cosiseísmico en profundidad.

Conclusiones:

La evidencia geodésica confirma la compactación de la zona de falla y la recuperación de la dilatación.
El cizallamiento distribuido y los daños materiales durante los terremotos se curan postsísmicamente.
La deformación postsísmica dentro de las zonas de falla explica los déficits de deslizamiento poco profundo.

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