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El sistema de salud: una evaluación y una agenda de reformas
Awad Mataria1, Rana Khatib, Cam Donaldson
1Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Birzeit, occupied Palestinian territory.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 10, 2009
Resumen
El establecimiento de un plan de salud palestino efectivo no ha tenido éxito debido a los arreglos históricos y los problemas de gobierno. La ocupación militar exacerba los desafíos, obstaculizando el desarrollo equitativo de la atención médica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Política de salud Política de salud
- Estudios en el Medio Oriente Estudios en el Medio Oriente.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los esfuerzos para crear un plan de salud unificado en el territorio palestino ocupado comenzaron antes de los Acuerdos de Oslo de 1993.
- El primer plan nacional de salud oficial se lanzó en 1994, con la intención de coordinar a los principales proveedores de atención médica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar las razones detrás del persistente fracaso para establecer un sistema de salud efectivo, eficiente y equitativo en el territorio palestino ocupado.
- Identificar el impacto de los arreglos históricos de salud y la gobernanza en el sector de la salud palestino.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis histórico del desarrollo del sector de la salud en el territorio palestino ocupado.
- Examen de la estructura y los desafíos de la Autoridad Nacional Palestina.
- Evaluación de la influencia de la ocupación militar y la ayuda extranjera en el rendimiento del sistema de salud.
Principales resultados:
- Los intentos de crear un sistema de salud funcional no han tenido éxito durante más de una década y media.
- Las fallas se atribuyen a los arreglos de atención médica del gobierno militar israelí (1967-1994) y las limitaciones de la Autoridad Nacional Palestina (ineficiencia, corrupción).
- Las preferencias de los donantes de ayuda extranjera a menudo han dictado las prioridades, lo que complica aún más el desarrollo del sistema.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema de salud del territorio palestino ocupado se enfrenta a desafíos significativos y persistentes.
- La ocupación militar exacerba críticamente los problemas existentes, perpetuando las desigualdades.
- Avanzar en el desarrollo y las respuestas de emergencia es crucial, pero extremadamente difícil bajo la ocupación.
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