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Los cambios recientes en las comunidades de fitoplancton asociados con el rápido cambio climático regional a lo largo
Martin Montes-Hugo1, Scott C Doney, Hugh W Ducklow
1Coastal Ocean Observation Lab, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. montes@marine.rutgers.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 17, 2009
Resumen
La productividad del océano en la Península Antártica está disminuyendo debido al cambio climático. Este cambio afecta a las poblaciones de fitoplancton, krill y pingüinos, señalando una transición a un clima más cálido.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología marina Biología marina.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
Sus antecedentes:
- La Península Antártica Occidental (WAP, por sus siglas en inglés) está en transición de un clima polar a uno subantártico.
- El cambio climático está alterando los ecosistemas marinos a nivel mundial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar los cambios en la productividad biológica del océano en la plataforma WAP durante tres décadas.
- Para correlacionar estos cambios con los cambios climáticos y su impacto en la vida marina.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó tres décadas de datos de satélite y de campo.
- Análisis de la concentración de clorofila a (Chl a) como indicador de la productividad del océano.
- Se examinaron las tendencias en relación con la latitud, la cubierta de hielo, la formación de nubes y el viento.
Principales resultados:
- La superficie de Chl a durante el verano disminuyó un 12% a lo largo de la WAP en 30 años.
- Se observaron disminuciones significativas en Chl a hacia el ecuador de 63 grados S. Se observaron disminuciones significativas en Chl a hacia el ecuador de 63 grados S.
- Los aumentos en Chl a ocurrieron más al sur, lo que indica un cambio hacia el polo en la productividad.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones climáticos cambiantes están alterando las condiciones oceanográficas y la productividad biológica en la plataforma WAP.
- Los cambios en la distribución del fitoplancton están relacionados con los cambios observados en las poblaciones de krill y pingüinos.
- El ecosistema WAP está experimentando una reestructuración significativa debido al calentamiento climático.
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