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Los mesociclones volcánicos son también llamados mesociclones.

Pinaki Chakraborty1, Gustavo Gioia, Susan W Kieffer

  • 1Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. chakrabo@illinois.edu

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|March 28, 2009
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Un mesociclón volcánico, una corriente ascendente giratoria, hace que las fuertes plumas volcánicas pierdan simetría y formen formas distintivas de paraguas. Este fenómeno explica las trombas de agua, los demonios de polvo y las vainas de rayos observados en las erupciones.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • * La vulcanología.
  • * Ciencias atmosféricas.
  • * Dinámica de fluidos

Sus antecedentes:

  • * Los modelos clásicos de las plumas volcánicas asumen la axisimetría y no la rotación.
  • * Fuertes penachos volcánicos consisten en una columna vertical y un paraguas horizontal.
  • * Los modelos anteriores no tenían en cuenta los efectos de rotación en la dinámica de las plumas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • * Para investigar el efecto hidrodinámico de las corrientes ascendentes en fuertes penachos volcánicos.
  • * Introducir y explicar el concepto de un "mesociclón volcánico".
  • * Para unificar las explicaciones de varios fenómenos observados en plumas volcánicas.

Principales métodos:

  • * Análisis de imágenes satelitales de la erupción del Monte Pinatubo en 1991.
  • * Aplicación de los principios de la dinámica de fluidos al comportamiento de las plumas.
  • * Comparación de las predicciones del modelo con los datos de observación de múltiples erupciones.

Principales resultados:

  • * Se identificó un "mesociclón volcánico" inducido por la corriente ascendente de la pluma.
  • * Se confirmó la rotación del penacho utilizando datos satelitales del Monte Pinatubo.
  • * Se observó pérdida de simetría axial y formas de paraguas lobados en múltiples erupciones.
  • * Los mesociclones vinculados a la formación de trombas de agua, demonios de polvo y vainas de rayos.

Conclusiones:

  • * El mesociclón volcánico es un factor clave en la fuerte dinámica de las plumas volcánicas.
  • * Este concepto unifica las explicaciones para los fenómenos de penachos anteriormente dispares.
  • * La rotación altera significativamente la estructura del penacho y los peligros asociados.