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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

El genoma del cáncer.

Michael R Stratton1, Peter J Campbell, P Andrew Futreal

  • 1Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK. mrs@sanger.ac.uk

Nature
|April 11, 2009
PubMed
Resumen

El cáncer se desarrolla a partir de cambios en la secuencia de ADN en las células cancerosas. El análisis de genomas completos del cáncer ofrece una visión detallada del desarrollo del cáncer individual.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • La genómica es la genómica.
  • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
  • Investigación de Investigación del Cáncer.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los cánceres se originan por alteraciones en la secuencia de ADN de los genomas de las células cancerosas.
  • Se han hecho avances significativos en la comprensión de las mutaciones relacionadas con el cáncer y los genes anormales en los últimos 25 años.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Explorar las implicaciones de obtener secuencias completas de ADN de numerosos genomas de cáncer.
  • Para obtener una comprensión completa de los procesos de desarrollo de los cánceres individuales.

Principales métodos:

  • Secuenciación del genoma completo de muestras de cáncer.
  • Análisis bioinformático de datos genómicos.
  • Genómica comparativa para identificar mutaciones específicas del cáncer.

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Principales resultados:

  • Identificación de un amplio espectro de mutaciones de ADN en varios tipos de cáncer.
  • Descubrimiento de nuevos genes anormales que impulsan la progresión del cáncer.
  • Caracterización detallada del paisaje genómico de los tumores individuales.

Conclusiones:

  • La era de la secuenciación completa del genoma del cáncer proporciona información sin precedentes sobre el desarrollo del cáncer.
  • Comprender los genomas del cáncer es crucial para la medicina personalizada y las terapias dirigidas.
  • La investigación futura aprovechará los datos genómicos integrales para desentrañar la compleja biología del cáncer.