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Los agentes RAFT universales (conmutables) son agentes RAFT que se pueden cambiar entre sí.

Massimo Benaglia1, John Chiefari, Yen K Chong

  • 1CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
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Los investigadores desarrollaron nuevos agentes RAFT conmutables para la polimerización radical controlada. Estos agentes polimerizan efectivamente tanto monómeros menos activados como monómeros más activados, lo que permite la síntesis de copolímeros de bloque con pesos moleculares controlados.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química de Polímeros La Química de Polímeros es la química de los polímeros.
  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La transferencia de cadena de adición-fragmentación reversible (RAFT, por sus siglas en inglés) es una técnica de polimerización radical controlada.
  • La selección de agentes RAFT apropiados para monómeros específicos (más activados frente a menos activados) es crucial para el control exitoso de la polimerización.
  • Los agentes RAFT existentes a menudo muestran selectividad, inhibiendo o controlando mal ciertos tipos de monómeros.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Introducir una nueva clase de agentes RAFT "intercambiables".
  • Demostrar su eficacia en el control de la polimerización tanto de los monómeros menos activados (LAM) como de los monómeros más activados (MAM).
  • Para permitir la síntesis de copolímeros de bloque con pesos moleculares controlados.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de N-(4-piridinil) -N-metilditiocarbamatos como agentes RAFT conmutables.
  • La polimerización radical controlada de LAM (por ejemplo, acetato de vinilo) utilizando estos agentes.
  • Activación de agentes RAFT con ácidos próticos o de Lewis.
  • La polimerización radical controlada de MAMs (por ejemplo, acrilatos) después de la activación.
  • Síntesis de copolímeros poli-MAM-bloque-poli-LAM.

Principales resultados:

  • Los nuevos agentes RAFT proporcionan un excelente control sobre la polimerización LAM.
  • La activación ácida transforma los agentes para controlar efectivamente la polimerización MAM.
  • Los agentes conmutables permiten la síntesis secuencial de copolímeros de bloque.
  • Los copolímeros de bloque resultantes exhiben distribuciones de peso molecular estrechas.

Conclusiones:

  • Los N-(4-piridinilo) -N-metilditiocarbamatos representan una clase versátil de agentes RAFT conmutables.
  • Estos agentes superan las limitaciones específicas del monómero de los agentes RAFT tradicionales.
  • Ofrecen una poderosa herramienta para sintetizar arquitecturas complejas de polímeros, incluidos copolímeros de bloque, con alta precisión.