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Conservación de los loci polimórficos de secuencia simple en especies de cetáceos
C Schlötterer1, B Amos, D Tautz
1Institut für Genetik und Mikrobiologie, Universität München, Germany.
Nature
|November 7, 1991
Resumen
Los primers de polimorfismos de longitud de secuencia simple (SSLP) desarrollados para ballenas piloto amplificaron con éxito el ADN en diversas especies de ballenas. Esta alta conservación de secuencias de ADN no codificantes simplifica los estudios genéticos entre los cetáceos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Genética La genética.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Ciencia de los mamíferos marinos Ciencia de los mamíferos marinos
Sus antecedentes:
- Los polimorfismos de longitud de secuencia simple (SSLP) son comunes en el ADN eucariótico y valiosos para la genética de poblaciones.
- El SSLP en ballenas piloto (Globicephala melas) ha proporcionado previamente información sobre sus sistemas de apareamiento y estructura de población.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la aplicabilidad entre especies de los primers de reacción en cadena por polimerasa (PCR) diseñados para ballenas piloto SSLP.
- Evaluar la conservación de las secuencias de flanqueo en los loci de secuencia simple en diversas especies de cetáceos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron primers de PCR desarrollados para Globicephala melas para amplificar los loci homólogos en varias especies de ballenas.
- Loci amplificados clonados y secuenciados de 11 especies diferentes de ballenas (tanto dientes como ballenas).
Principales resultados:
- Los loci homólogos se amplificaron con éxito a través de una amplia gama de ballenas dentadas (Odontoceti) y ballenas (Mysticeti).
- Las secuencias que flanquean los tramos de secuencia simple exhibieron una conservación excepcionalmente alta, con una divergencia promedio de solo el 3,2% durante un estimado de 35-40 millones de años.
- Esta baja tasa de divergencia sugiere potencial para reevaluar la edad evolutiva de las especies de ballenas modernas.
Conclusiones:
- Los primers de PCR diseñados para SSLP en una especie de cetáceos son ampliamente aplicables a otras especies de ballenas debido a las secuencias de flanqueo conservadas.
- Esta alta conservación facilita el uso de la huella digital de ADN SSLP para el análisis genético en una amplia gama de cetáceos.
- Los hallazgos destacan una tasa de divergencia notablemente baja en el ADN no codificante entre las especies de ballenas, lo que impulsa una mayor investigación evolutiva.
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