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La demografía del Pleistoceno tardío y la aparición del comportamiento humano moderno
Adam Powell1, Stephen Shennan, Mark G Thomas
1Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, Wolfson House, 4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 6, 2009
Resumen
Los factores demográficos, no la capacidad cognitiva, explican el momento del comportamiento humano moderno. La densidad de población y la migración influyeron en el desarrollo de la complejidad cultural en los primeros humanos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleoantropología es la paleoantropología.
- Arqueología Arqueología.
- Genética de la población Genética de la población.
Sus antecedentes:
- El comportamiento humano moderno surgió con una mayor complejidad simbólica y tecnológica.
- La transición del Paleolítico Superior en Eurasia (hace 45 000 años) refleja características anteriores en el sur de África (hace 45 000 años).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de la demografía en el surgimiento y mantenimiento de la complejidad cultural.
- Para explicar las variaciones geográficas en la aparición del comportamiento humano moderno.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los registros arqueológicos para la complejidad simbólica y tecnológica.
- Estimaciones genéticas del tamaño de la población regional a lo largo del tiempo.
- Modelado del impacto de la densidad de la subpoblación y la actividad migratoria en la acumulación de habilidades culturales.
Principales resultados:
- La demografía es un factor clave para mantener la complejidad cultural.
- La densidad de subpoblación regional y la actividad migratoria influyen en la estructuración espacial de la acumulación de habilidades culturales.
- Las densidades de población en la Europa paleolítica superior temprana eran comparables a las de África subsahariana durante la aparición inicial del comportamiento moderno.
Conclusiones:
- Los factores demográficos explican suficientemente las variaciones geográficas y temporales en el surgimiento del comportamiento humano moderno.
- El aumento de la capacidad cognitiva no es necesario para explicar estas diferencias.
- La dinámica de la población jugó un papel crucial en el desarrollo de la cultura humana.
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