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Financiación de la salud mundial: seguimiento de la asistencia al desarrollo para la salud de 1990 a 2007
Nirmala Ravishankar1, Paul Gubbins, Rebecca J Cooley
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98121, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 23, 2009
Resumen
La asistencia mundial para la salud aumentó de 5.600 millones de dólares a 21.800 millones de dólares entre 1990 y 2007. Nuevas iniciativas como el Fondo Mundial y GAVI ahora canalizan una mayor parte de esta asistencia vital para el desarrollo de la salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Global La salud global.
- Economía de la salud Economía de la salud
- Desarrollo internacional Desarrollo internacional.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los datos confiables sobre los flujos mundiales de recursos de salud a los países de ingresos bajos y medios son cruciales.
- La Asistencia al Desarrollo para la Salud (DAH) es un componente clave de la financiación de la salud mundial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar exhaustivamente el volumen y la composición de la Ayuda al Desarrollo para la Salud (DAH) de 1990 a 2007.
- Para analizar los cambios en la canalización de DAH y su correlación con las características del país receptor.
Principales métodos:
- DAH definido como flujos relacionados con la salud de las instituciones de asistencia al desarrollo.
- Utilizó múltiples fuentes de datos para cuantificar los volúmenes anuales de DAH en 2007 dólares estadounidenses.
- Creó una base de datos de proyectos integrados para examinar la composición de DAH por país receptor.
Principales resultados:
- DAH aumentó significativamente de 5.600 millones de dólares en 1990 a 21.800 millones de dólares en el año 2007.
- El Fondo Mundial de Lucha contra el SIDA, la Tuberculosis y la Malaria, GAVI y las ONG se convirtieron en los principales conductos para DAH, superando a las agencias tradicionales de la ONU y los bancos de desarrollo.
- El VIH / SIDA recibió la mayor parte de DAH ($ 4.9 mil millones en 2007), seguido por el apoyo al sector de la salud, la malaria y la tuberculosis.
- La DAH se correlacionó positivamente con la carga de la enfermedad y se correlacionó negativamente con el PIB per cápita en los países receptores.
Conclusiones:
- Los recursos mundiales de salud han aumentado sustancialmente, con un crecimiento significativo desde 2002.
- Las iniciativas de salud global como el Fondo Mundial y GAVI juegan un papel central en la movilización y dirección de los fondos de salud.
- Mientras que la financiación del VIH / SIDA aumentó, otras áreas de salud global también experimentaron una expansión, lo que indica un crecimiento más amplio en la asistencia sanitaria.
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