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Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

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Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
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Reducir los daños del alcohol: un llamado a la acción.

Sally Casswell1, Thaksaphon Thamarangsi

  • 1Centre for Social and Health Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand. s.casswell@massey.ac.nz

Lancet (London, England)
|June 30, 2009
PubMed
Resumen

Los esfuerzos mundiales de control del alcohol son insuficientes a pesar de las importantes enfermedades y cargas económicas. Existen intervenciones efectivas y asequibles, pero requieren una ampliación, junto con políticas más fuertes y cooperación internacional para frenar el aumento del consumo de alcohol.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Salud Pública La salud pública.
  • Política de salud Política de salud
  • Epidemiología La epidemiología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El consumo de alcohol contribuye significativamente a la carga mundial de enfermedades y a los costos económicos.
  • La producción industrial y la comercialización de alcohol están aumentando el consumo, especialmente entre los jóvenes y en los mercados emergentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para resaltar la insuficiencia de las actuales medidas de control del alcohol a nivel mundial.
  • Abogar por la ampliación de las intervenciones rentables y la implementación de políticas.

Principales métodos:

  • Este estudio es una revisión y análisis de las políticas globales existentes de control del alcohol y su efectividad.
  • Examina los factores que impiden el progreso en la reducción de los daños del alcohol.

Principales resultados:

  • El enfoque internacional y nacional en el control del alcohol sigue siendo inadecuado.
  • Las intervenciones efectivas están subutilizadas, y muchos países carecen de políticas suficientes.
  • La voluntad política, la interferencia de la industria y el entorno comercial obstaculizan el progreso.

Conclusiones:

  • Se necesita una ampliación urgente de las intervenciones rentables de control del alcohol.
  • Las políticas nacionales más fuertes y la cooperación internacional, como un Convenio Marco para el Control del Alcohol, son esenciales.
  • Las organizaciones no gubernamentales juegan un papel crucial en el apoyo y la rendición de cuentas de los gobiernos.