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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La computación cuántica es la computación cuántica.
  • Física del estado sólido física del estado sólido.
  • Circuitos superconductores en los circuitos superconductores.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las computadoras cuánticas aprovechan la superposición y el entrelazamiento para la resolución de problemas complejos.
  • La construcción de procesadores cuánticos escalables se enfrenta a desafíos en la coherencia de qubits, operaciones de puertas y lecturas.
  • Los procesadores anteriores de pocos qubits usaban RMN, trampas iónicas y sistemas ópticos, pero la realización del estado sólido seguía siendo difícil de alcanzar.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para demostrar un procesador cuántico superconductor de dos qubits funcional.
  • Para implementar la búsqueda de Grover y los algoritmos cuánticos de Deutsch-Jozsa en una plataforma de estado sólido.
  • Avanzar en el desarrollo de circuitos cuánticos integrados.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó una arquitectura de electrodinámica cuántica de circuito con una interacción sintonizable de dos qubits mediada por un bus de cavidad.
  • Fuerza de interacción de qubit controlada en dos órdenes de magnitud en escalas de tiempo de nanosegundos.
  • Aplicó secuencias programables de puertas a un registro inicializado de qubits.

Principales resultados:

  • Se ha demostrado con éxito un procesador cuántico superconductor de dos qubits.
  • Implementó la búsqueda de Grover y los algoritmos cuánticos de Deutsch-Jozsa.
  • Generó estados altamente entrelazados con hasta un 94% de competencia.

Conclusiones:

  • Este procesador superconductor de dos qubits representa un paso significativo hacia la computación cuántica escalable en circuitos integrados.
  • Otras mejoras en los tiempos de coherencia del qubit, la fidelidad de la puerta y el tamaño del registro son necesarias para las tecnologías cuánticas prácticas.
  • El mecanismo de interacción sintonizable es clave para generar altos niveles de entrelazamiento.