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H2O en el lugar de aterrizaje de Phoenix
P H Smith1, L K Tamppari, R E Arvidson
1Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. psmith@lpl.arizona.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 4, 2009
Resumen
La misión Phoenix encontró hielo poco profundo y suelo alcalino en Marte. Esto sugiere que el agua estaba presente, apoyando el potencial de habitabilidad marciana pasada o presente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
- Marte Geología Geología de Marte.
Sus antecedentes:
- La misión Phoenix tenía como objetivo estudiar la geología y el clima del Ártico marciano.
- Las misiones anteriores habían insinuado la existencia de hielo de agua en Marte, pero se necesitaba una investigación subterránea directa a poca profundidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el terreno y el clima en la región ártica del norte de Marte.
- Para determinar la composición y el estado del hielo y el suelo del subsuelo poco profundo.
Principales métodos:
- Excavación de un brazo robótico en el suelo marciano.
- Análisis de la composición del suelo, incluyendo minerales y sales.
- Observación de los patrones de heladas superficiales y nevadas.
Principales resultados:
- Se descubrió una capa de hielo poco profunda a profundidades de 5-18 cm.
- El suelo marciano era alcalino (pH 7,7) con carbonato de calcio y otros minerales.
- Se observaron heladas de hielo de agua y nevadas que interactúan con el suelo.
Conclusiones:
- La presencia de hielo poco profundo y suelo alcalino indica la actividad del agua en el pasado.
- Estos hallazgos apoyan el potencial de habitabilidad en el ártico marciano.
- La interacción del hielo de agua con el suelo es crucial para comprender los procesos ambientales marcianos.
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