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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...
Counterfactual Thinking01:19

Counterfactual Thinking

Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in human cognition.Types of...
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
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Decision Making: P-value Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can have a...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Cambios de mentalidad en la toma de decisiones.

Arbora Resulaj1, Roozbeh Kiani, Daniel M Wolpert

  • 1Computational and Biological Learning Laboratory, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.

Nature
|August 21, 2009
PubMed
Resumen

Este estudio explica cómo el cerebro cambia su mente. Un nuevo modelo muestra que las decisiones pueden revertirse mediante el uso de información que aún estaba siendo procesada cuando se hizo la elección inicial.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia cognitiva y neurociencia cognitiva.
  • Ciencia de la toma de decisiones Ciencia de la toma de decisiones.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los modelos actuales de toma de decisiones explican las elecciones iniciales, pero no los cambios posteriores de mentalidad.
  • Los formalismos a menudo proponen la evaluación de la evidencia contra un criterio, pero carecen de mecanismos para cambiar de opinión sin nuevos datos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Extender los modelos de toma de decisiones existentes para explicar los cambios de mentalidad.
  • Para tener en cuenta tanto el momento y la precisión de las decisiones iniciales y las revocaciones posteriores.

Principales métodos:

  • Desarrolló un modelo computacional para explicar los cambios de mente.
  • Se utilizó una tarea en la que los sujetos tomaban decisiones sobre estímulos visuales ruidosos moviendo un mango.
  • Analizó las trayectorias de las manos para detectar cambios de opinión incluso sin nuevas pruebas.

Principales resultados:

  • El modelo extendido explica con éxito la frecuencia y las condiciones bajo las cuales ocurren los cambios de mentalidad.
  • El rendimiento del modelo depende de la dificultad de la tarea y la precisión de la decisión inicial.
  • El cerebro parece utilizar la información en la tubería de procesamiento para revertir o reafirmar las decisiones.

Conclusiones:

  • El cerebro puede revertir o reafirmar las decisiones aprovechando el procesamiento de evidencia en curso.
  • Esta investigación avanza en la comprensión de la flexibilidad cognitiva, incluida la vacilación y la autocorrección.
  • Los hallazgos proporcionan un modelo más completo de toma de decisiones que incluye ajustes dinámicos.