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La discontinuidad genética entre los cazadores-recolectores locales y los primeros agricultores de Europa central
B Bramanti1, M G Thomas, W Haak
1Institute for Anthropology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. bramanti@uni-mainz.de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 5, 2009
Resumen
Los primeros agricultores europeos fueron inmigrantes, no cazadores-recolectores locales. El análisis del ADN mitocondrial (ADNmt) revela diferencias genéticas significativas, lo que indica un evento de migración neolítica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Arqueogenética La arqueogenética.
- Revolución del Neolítico Revolución Neolítica
- Genética de la población Genética de la población.
Sus antecedentes:
- La agricultura se extendió a Europa central hace unos 7500 años después de la domesticación del Cercano Oriente.
- El origen de los primeros agricultores europeos (inmigrantes frente a cazadores-recolectores asimilados) es un debate de larga data.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los orígenes de los primeros agricultores europeos.
- Para determinar la contribución genética de los cazadores-recolectores a la población agrícola neolítica.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación del ADN mitocondrial (mtDNA) de esqueletos de cazadores-recolectores europeos tardíos.
- Comparación del ADNmt de los antiguos cazadores-recolectores con los perfiles de ADNmt de los primeros agricultores y de los europeos modernos.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron distinciones genéticas significativas entre los antiguos cazadores-recolectores, los primeros agricultores y los europeos modernos.
- El 82% de los antiguos cazadores-recolectores poseían tipos de ADNmt raros en los europeos centrales contemporáneos.
Conclusiones:
- Los primeros agricultores en Europa central eran principalmente inmigrantes, no descendientes de cazadores-recolectores locales.
- La continuidad de la población por sí sola no puede explicar el paisaje genético observado de la Europa neolítica.
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