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Un flujo constante de diversas bacterias termofílicas en el frío fondo marino del Ártico
Casey Hubert1, Alexander Loy, Maren Nickel
1Biogeochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. chubert@mpi-bremen.de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 19, 2009
Resumen
Los fríos sedimentos marinos del Ártico reciben anualmente más de 10^8 esporas bacterianas termofílicas. Estos microbios latentes, originarios de ambientes cálidos subterráneos, pueden consumir rápidamente materia orgánica cuando las temperaturas aumentan, influyendo en la diversidad microbiana marina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los microorganismos se encuentran en ambientes inadecuados para su metabolismo.
- Comprender estos microbios extraviados revela mecanismos de dispersión y da forma a la diversidad microbiana.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar la afluencia de bacterias termofílicas en el sedimento marino del Ártico.
- Para identificar el origen y los mecanismos de transporte de estas bacterias termofílicas.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron experimentos de germinación de endospora para estimar las tasas de suministro bacteriano.
- Se realizaron análisis filogenéticos y metabólicos en las bacterias identificadas.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectó un suministro estable de bacterias termofílicas Firmicutes (más de 10 ^ 8 esporas / m ^ 2 / año) en sedimentos marinos del Ártico.
- Estas bacterias son metabólicamente inactivas a temperaturas bajas, pero degradan activamente la materia orgánica a 50°C.
- El análisis filogenético indica su origen en cálidos depósitos subterráneos de petróleo y ecosistemas de la corteza oceánica.
Conclusiones:
- Es probable que el flujo de fluidos del fondo marino transporte bacterias termofílicas desde entornos cálidos subterráneos hasta el océano frío.
- Estas vías de transporte influyen significativamente en la composición de la comunidad microbiana marina.
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