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Almacenamiento de dióxido de carbono en sedimentos marinos
1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02136, USA. schrag@eps.harvard.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 26, 2009
Resumen
Para combatir el cambio climático, la captura y almacenamiento de carbono (CCS) es crucial. Los depósitos geológicos marinos ofrecen ventajas significativas para el almacenamiento de CO2 y deben ser investigados más a fondo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.
- Geología Geología Geología.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero impulsan el cambio climático, lo que requiere estrategias de reducción de emisiones.
- Los combustibles fósiles dominan el suministro mundial de energía (> 80%), por lo que la captura de carbono es esencial.
- También se requieren medidas de adaptación para gestionar los impactos inevitables del cambio climático.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resaltar la importancia de la captura y almacenamiento de carbono (CCS) en la mitigación del cambio climático.
- Para llamar la atención sobre los depósitos geológicos marinos como soluciones viables de almacenamiento de CO2.
- Abogar por una mayor consideración de los sitios marinos para el secuestro de CO2.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre las estrategias de mitigación del cambio climático.
- Análisis del papel de la captura y almacenamiento de carbono (CCS) en la reducción de las emisiones.
- Evaluación comparativa de los depósitos geológicos onshore versus offshore para el almacenamiento de CO2.
Principales resultados:
- La reducción de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero requiere un enfoque multifacético que incluya la eficiencia energética, los combustibles no fósiles y la adaptación.
- La captura de carbono de fuentes estacionarias y el almacenamiento geológico son componentes vitales de la mitigación del cambio climático.
- Los depósitos geológicos en alta mar presentan ventajas claras para el almacenamiento de CO2 en comparación con los sitios en tierra.
Conclusiones:
- Se necesita una estrategia integral para combatir el cambio climático, en la que la captura y el almacenamiento de carbono juegan un papel clave.
- Los depósitos geológicos en alta mar merecen un examen más detallado como una opción significativa de secuestro de CO2.
- Se recomienda aumentar la investigación y el desarrollo en el almacenamiento de CO2 en alta mar.
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