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Muertes prematuras atribuibles a la presión arterial en China: un estudio prospectivo de cohorte
Jiang He1, Dongfeng Gu, Jing Chen
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. jhe@tulane.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|October 9, 2009
Resumen
El aumento de la presión arterial es una de las principales causas de muerte prematura en China, contribuyendo a millones de muertes cardiovasculares anuales. Los esfuerzos de salud pública deben priorizar la prevención y el control de la hipertensión.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Investigación de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares Investigación de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
Sus antecedentes:
- La hipertensión presenta un desafío significativo para la salud mundial debido a su alta prevalencia y vínculos con enfermedades cardiovasculares.
- Estimar las muertes prematuras por presión arterial elevada en China es crucial para la planificación de la salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Estimar el número de muertes prematuras atribuibles al aumento de la presión arterial en China.
- Evaluar el impacto de la hipertensión y la prehipertensión en la mortalidad en la población adulta china.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de cohorte prospectivo involucró a 169.871 adultos chinos de 40 años o más.
- Los datos sobre la presión arterial y los factores de riesgo se recopilaron en 1991 y 1999-2000.
- La muerte prematura se definió en base a las expectativas de vida de 2005; el riesgo atribuible a la población se utilizó para los cálculos.
Principales resultados:
- La hipertensión y la prehipertensión están significativamente vinculadas a una mayor mortalidad por todas las causas y cardiovascular.
- En 2005, la presión arterial elevada contribuyó a un estimado de 2.33 millones de muertes por enfermedades cardiovasculares en China.
- Las enfermedades cerebrovasculares representaron la mayoría de las muertes relacionadas con la presión arterial, incluidas 1,08 millones de muertes prematuras.
Conclusiones:
- La presión arterial elevada se identifica como el principal factor de riesgo prevenible para la mortalidad prematura en China.
- Dar prioridad a la prevención y el control de la hipertensión es esencial para la salud pública en China.
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