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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview01:24

The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview

Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific requirements are not imposed on the...
Unit Cells01:18

Unit Cells

A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...

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Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles
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Orden cuasicristalino en superredes de nanopartículas binarias autoensambladas.

Dmitri V Talapin1, Elena V Shevchenko, Maryna I Bodnarchuk

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. dvtalapin@uchicago.edu

Nature
|October 16, 2009
PubMed
Resumen

Las nanopartículas inorgánicas coloidales se autoensamblan en superredes aperiódicas binarias, formando un orden dodecagonal cuasicristalino. Este descubrimiento revela la formación de cuasicristales como un fenómeno general de embalaje de esferas, que no requiere interacciones únicas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • La cristalografía es una técnica de cristalografía.
  • Nanotecnología La nanotecnología es la nanotecnología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los cuasicristales, descubiertos en 1984, desafiaron la visión tradicional de los sólidos ordenados como estructuras periódicas.
  • Exhiben un orden de largo alcance sin simetría traslacional, lo que permite simetrías prohibidas en la cristalografía clásica, como las rotaciones de 12 veces.
  • El orden casi cristalino se ha observado en compuestos intermetálicos, materia blanda y esferas coloidales dispuestas por láser.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para demostrar el autoensamblaje de las nanopartículas inorgánicas coloidales en superretas aperiódicas binarias.
  • Investigar la formación del orden cuasicristalino en varios sistemas binarios de nanopartículas.
  • Explorar los principios subyacentes que rigen la formación de cuasicristales de nanopartículas y sus interfaces con estructuras cristalinas.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizan sistemas binarios de nanopartículas que incluyen óxidos de hierro (Fe2O3), Fe3O4) y metales nobles (Au, Pd), junto con nanocristales de sulfuro de plomo (PbS).
  • Observaron el autoensamblaje de estas nanopartículas en superretas ordenadas.
  • Analizó las estructuras resultantes para el orden casi cristalino, específicamente la simetría dodecagonal.

Principales resultados:

  • Se demostró con éxito la formación de orden dodecagonal cuasicristalino en múltiples sistemas de nanopartículas binarias.
  • Mostró flexibilidad compositiva, lo que indica que la formación de cuasicristales es un fenómeno general de embalaje de esferas regido por la entropía y los potenciales interpartículas.
  • Se observó que estas superredes cuasicristalinas pueden formar interfaces de bajo defecto con superredes binarias cristalinas ordinarias.

Conclusiones:

  • Las nanopartículas inorgánicas coloidales pueden autoensamblarse en superredes cuasicristalinas binarias.
  • La formación de cuasicristales de nanopartículas es un fenómeno general de embalaje de esferas, impulsado por la entropía y los potenciales interpartículas simples.
  • Los ensamblajes de nanopartículas cuasicristalinas pueden integrarse con estructuras cristalinas, lo que sugiere el potencial para el diseño de nuevos materiales.