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Las algas más pequeñas prosperan a medida que el Océano Ártico se refresca
William K W Li1, Fiona A McLaughlin, Connie Lovejoy
1Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. LiB@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 11, 2009
Resumen
El cambio climático está reduciendo el fitoplancton ártico. Se favorecen las células más pequeñas, lo que podría reducir la producción biológica general e impactar en las redes alimentarias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- El Océano Ártico se está calentando y está recibiendo más agua dulce.
- La estratificación del océano impide la mezcla de nutrientes en las aguas superficiales.
- El crecimiento del fitoplancton depende de la disponibilidad de nutrientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el impacto del cambio climático en la estructura de la comunidad de fitoplancton del Ártico.
- Para determinar si las células de fitoplancton más pequeñas se están volviendo más dominantes.
- Evaluar las consecuencias potenciales para niveles tróficos más altos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de observación a largo plazo (desde 2004) sobre el fitoplancton y la distribución del tamaño de las bacterias.
- Monitoreo de las condiciones oceanográficas, incluyendo la temperatura y la salinidad.
- Modelado ecológico para predecir tendencias futuras.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó un aumento significativo en la abundancia de pequeñas algas y bacterias.
- Documentó una disminución simultánea en la proporción de algas más grandes.
- La evidencia sugiere un cambio hacia una comunidad de fitoplancton de células más pequeñas.
Conclusiones:
- El calentamiento de las aguas del Ártico favorece a las células de fitoplancton más pequeñas debido a la adquisición de nutrientes y la reducción de la sedimentación.
- Este cambio puede conducir a una disminución de la productividad primaria en el ecosistema ártico.
- Impactos negativos potenciales en los niveles tróficos más altos y en la red alimentaria marina en general.
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