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Permeabilidad del manto astenosférico y tasas de extracción de fundición en las cordilleras oceánicas medias
James A D Connolly1, Max W Schmidt, Giulio Solferino
1Institute for Mineralogy and Petrology, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
Nature
|November 13, 2009
Resumen
La Tierra La Tierra La Tierra La Tierra La Tierra
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- Petrología Petrología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La producción magmática, crucial para la formación de la corteza terrestre, se basa en las fusiones astenosféricas.
- El transporte de la fusión depende de la permeabilidad del manto astenosférico, poco limitada por los modelos actuales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar experimentalmente la permeabilidad del fundido de basalto en los agregados de olivino.
- Para refinar los modelos de las escalas de tiempo de transporte de fusión en la astenosfera de la Tierra.
Principales métodos:
- Experimentos de centrífuga de alta presión y alta temperatura (400g-700g) para medir el flujo de la fusión del basalto.
- Análisis del flujo de fusión en agregados de olivino con 5-12% de porosidad.
Principales resultados:
- Las permeabilidades medidas son 1-2 órdenes de magnitud más altas que las predichas por los modelos existentes.
- Las permeabilidades indican una red de fusión totalmente conectada dentro de los agregados de olivino.
Conclusiones:
- Las permeabilidades de fusión más altas sugieren un transporte de fusión más rápido en la astenosfera.
- Los tiempos estimados de transporte del derretimiento (1-2,5 kyr) explican las firmas isotópicas en los basaltos de la cresta oceánica media.
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