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Trastornos de la alimentación trastornos de la alimentación trastornos de la alimentación trastornos de la

Janet Treasure1, Angélica M Claudino, Nancy Zucker

  • 1Section of Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. janet.treasure@kcl.ac.uk

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|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este seminario revisa los trastornos de la alimentación, haciendo hincapié en los factores biológicos en el inicio y el mantenimiento. Los avances en el tratamiento de adultos son limitados, y se espera que las nuevas categorías de diagnóstico amplíen las estimaciones de prevalencia.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La psiquiatría es la psiquiatría.
  • La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
  • Salud Pública La salud pública.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los trastornos de la alimentación presentan desafíos físicos y psicosociales significativos.
  • Investigaciones anteriores han puesto de relieve los desencadenantes culturales e interpersonales.
  • Comprender la regulación del apetito ofrece información sobre los factores causales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para actualizar la comprensión de los trastornos de la alimentación, centrándose en las contribuciones biológicas.
  • Discutir la evolución de los criterios diagnósticos y su impacto en la prevalencia.
  • Revisar los avances y desafíos actuales en el tratamiento.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura y síntesis de la investigación actual sobre los trastornos de la alimentación.
  • Análisis de los cambios propuestos en la categoría de diagnóstico.
  • Evaluación de la eficacia del tratamiento y los métodos de administración.

Principales resultados:

  • Se anticipan nuevas categorías de diagnóstico (anorexia nerviosa, bulimia nerviosa, trastorno por atracón, trastorno alimentario no especificado de otra manera), lo que podría aumentar las estimaciones de prevalencia.
  • Los factores biológicos, incluido el control central del apetito y los cambios en la red neuronal, son clave para el inicio y el mantenimiento de la enfermedad.
  • Los avances en el tratamiento para los adultos siguen siendo escasos, con un progreso limitado más allá de las opciones farmacológicas para el trastorno de atracones.

Conclusiones:

  • Los trastornos alimentarios tienen etiologías complejas que involucran factores biológicos, culturales, sociales e interpersonales.
  • Es probable que los criterios de diagnóstico revisados alteren la prevalencia de la población.
  • Se necesita más investigación para desarrollar tratamientos efectivos para los trastornos alimentarios en adultos.