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Mecanismo de la co-orientación de la calcita en el diente de erizo de mar
Christopher E Killian1, Rebecca A Metzler, Y U T Gong
1Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 4, 2009
Resumen
Los dientes del erizo de mar usan precursores amorfos de carbonato de calcio (ACC). La nucleación secundaria en estado sólido guía la coorientación de los cristales en estos complejos biominerales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La biomineralización es la biomineralización.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Paleontología Paleontología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los dientes de erizo de mar son complejos biominerales de calcita.
- Los equinodermos exhiben ejes cristalográficos de calcita co-orientados.
- El mecanismo de la coorientación de la calcita en los equinodermos no se comprende bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las orientaciones de los cristales de calcita en los dientes de erizo de mar púrpura.
- Aclarar el mecanismo de la co-orientación de los cristales en la formación biomineral.
- Explorar el papel del carbonato de calcio amorfo (ACC) en la biomineralización.
Principales métodos:
- Espectromicroscopía de emisión de fotoelectrones de rayos X de alta resolución (X-PEEM).
- La difracción de rayos X de micro haz (muXRD).
- Análisis de las estructuras de calcita en los dientes de Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron orientaciones distintas del eje c de la calcita en las placas dentales, las fibras y la matriz policristalina.
- El carbonato de calcio amorfo (ACC) se observó como un precursor en el extremo formador del diente.
- Se demostró la nucleación secundaria en estado sólido como el mecanismo para la coorientación de nanopartículas en la matriz policristalina.
Conclusiones:
- La nucleación secundaria en estado sólido es un mecanismo clave para lograr calcita co-orientada en los dientes de erizo de mar.
- Los precursores amorfos de carbonato de calcio juegan un papel crucial en este proceso.
- Este mecanismo puede ser un principio general para la formación de biomineral en diferentes phyla.
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