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Detección geofísica de metasomatismo relicto de una zona de subducción de un Arcaico (aproximadamente 3,5 Ga)

Chin-Wu Chen¹, Stéphane Rondenay, Rob L Evans

¹Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. cwchen@mit.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 8, 2009

Resumen

La tectónica de placas, incluida la subducción, estuvo activa ya hace 3.500 millones de años, formando el cratón de los esclavos arcaicos. Este hallazgo proporciona evidencia de los primeros procesos de la Tierra y el ensamblaje continental.

Área de la Ciencia:

Geología Geología Geología.
La geofísica es la geofísica.
La tectónica es la tectónica.

Sus antecedentes:

El momento de la iniciación de la tectónica de placas en la Tierra sigue siendo incierto.
No se comprende bien el papel de la tectónica de placas en la formación temprana de los continentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los procesos involucrados en el ensamblaje del cratón Arcaico de los Esclavos.
Para determinar si la tectónica de placas estuvo activa durante la era paleoarqueana.

Principales métodos:

Sintetizó perfiles sísmicos y eléctricos coincidentes.
Analizó los xenolitos del manto en busca de evidencia mineralógica.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó una superposición espacial entre una discontinuidad sísmica y una anomalía conductiva a una profundidad de ~100 km.
Los xenolitos del manto indicaban un frente metasomático, apoyando la subducción y la acreción.
La evidencia sugiere que el cratón Slave se formó a través de procesos de subducción.

Conclusiones:

La tectónica de placas, específicamente la subducción, estaba operando ya en el Paleoarqueo (hace unos 3.500 millones de años).
La subducción y la acreción de fragmentos litosféricos jugaron un papel en el ensamblaje de los primeros continentes como el cratón de los esclavos.

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