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Subsaturación de la aragonita en el Océano Ártico: efectos de la acidificación de los océanos y el derretimiento del
Michiyo Yamamoto-Kawai1, Fiona A McLaughlin, Eddy C Carmack
1Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich Road, Sidney, British Columbia V8L 4B2, Canada. michiyo.kawai@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 8, 2009
Resumen
Las aguas del Océano Ártico están cada vez menos saturadas de carbonato de calcio debido al aumento de las emisiones de dióxido de carbono y al derretimiento del hielo marino. Esta acidificación amenaza la vida marina, afectando a todo el ecosistema del Ártico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de las emisiones antropogénicas de dióxido de carbono está impulsando la acidificación de los océanos.
- El derretimiento del hielo marino del Ártico está alterando la química del océano y los patrones de circulación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el impacto de la acidificación de los océanos y el derretimiento del hielo marino en el estado de saturación de carbonato de calcio en la cuenca del Canadá.
- Evaluar las consecuencias de estos cambios para los ecosistemas marinos del Ártico.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la química de las aguas superficiales en la cuenca de Canadá.
- Evaluación de la relación entre la extensión del hielo marino y el estado de saturación de aragonita.
Principales resultados:
- Se descubrió que las aguas superficiales en la cuenca de Canadá estaban insuficientemente saturadas con respecto a la aragonita en 2008.
- El derretimiento extensivo del hielo marino fue identificado como la causa principal de esta subsaturación.
- El retroceso del hielo marino ha aumentado la afluencia de aguas subterráneas insaturadas a la plataforma continental.
Conclusiones:
- La acidificación de los océanos y el derretimiento del hielo marino están creando condiciones insaturadas en el Océano Ártico.
- Estos cambios representan una amenaza significativa para el plancton calcificado y los invertebrados.
- Es probable que la composición del ecosistema ártico se vea alterada por estos cambios ambientales en curso.
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