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EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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Measuring the Confluence of iPSCs Using an Automated Imaging System
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Células iPS: mapeo de las cuestiones políticas.

Amy Zarzeczny1, Christopher Scott, Insoo Hyun

  • 1Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H5, Canada.

Cell
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las células madre pluripotentes inducidas (iPS) ofrecen una gran promesa, pero su rápido avance requiere una cuidadosa consideración de las implicaciones éticas, legales y sociales. Esta revisión examina estas cuestiones cruciales a través de la adquisición de células iPS, la investigación y las aplicaciones clínicas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias Biomédicas Ciencias Biomédicas.
  • Biología de las células madre Biología de las células madre
  • Bioética y bioética.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las células madre pluripotentes inducidas (iPS) se derivan de células somáticas reprogramadas a un estado similar al de una célula madre embrionaria.
  • El campo de la investigación de células iPS ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial, lo que plantea importantes preguntas sociales.
  • Las cuestiones éticas, legales y sociales (ELSI) son parte integral del desarrollo responsable de la tecnología celular iPS.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar exhaustivamente las cuestiones éticas, legales y sociales que rodean a las células madre pluripotentes inducidas (iPS).
  • Para abordar las preocupaciones relacionadas con la adquisición de materiales de partida para la generación de células iPS.
  • Examinar las implicaciones de la investigación con células iPS y su traducción a la práctica clínica.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura de las publicaciones científicas y análisis ético / jurídico.
  • Síntesis de los principales desafíos éticos, legales y sociales.
  • Categoría de temas basados en el ciclo de vida celular de iPS: adquisición, investigación básica y traducción clínica.

Principales resultados:

  • La adquisición de células para la generación de iPS plantea cuestiones de consentimiento y propiedad.
  • La investigación básica con células iPS implica consideraciones de modificación genética y posible uso indebido.
  • La traducción clínica se enfrenta a obstáculos relacionados con la seguridad, la eficacia, la regulación y el acceso equitativo.

Conclusiones:

  • Abordar las cuestiones éticas, legales y sociales multifacéticas es fundamental para el avance responsable de la tecnología celular iPS.
  • El compromiso proactivo con las partes interesadas es necesario para navegar las complejidades de la investigación y aplicación de células iPS.
  • El establecimiento de directrices y políticas claras facilitará la traducción ética de las terapias celulares iPS.