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Confirmación objetiva de medidas subjetivas del bienestar humano: evidencia de los EE.UU
1Department of Economics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. andrew.oswald@warwick.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 19, 2009
Resumen
Los datos subjetivos de bienestar de las encuestas son significativos, alineándose con los indicadores objetivos de calidad de vida en todos los estados de EE. Este hallazgo valida el uso de la felicidad autoinformada y la satisfacción con la vida en la investigación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del comportamiento y ciencias sociales.
- Economía La economía es la economía.
- Psicología Psicología Psicología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Una extensa investigación utiliza datos subjetivos de bienestar de encuestas.
- La evidencia científica para el significado de estos datos es limitada.
- La felicidad auto-reportada y la satisfacción con la vida son métricas comunes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar el significado de los datos subjetivos de bienestar.
- Evaluar la correlación entre el bienestar subjetivo y los indicadores objetivos de calidad de vida.
- Investigar la validez de las respuestas de la encuesta sobre la felicidad y la satisfacción con la vida.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de una muestra aleatoria a gran escala (1,3 millones de ciudadanos estadounidenses) del Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo del Comportamiento 2005-2008.
- Medida de la satisfacción con la vida en todos los estados de EE.UU.
- Comparación de datos subjetivos de bienestar con estimaciones objetivas de calidad de vida derivadas de la teoría económica neoclásica.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró una coincidencia significativa estado por estado (r = 0,6, P < 0,001) entre las medidas subjetivas y objetivas de bienestar.
- Los patrones en la satisfacción de vida reportada por las personas reflejaban patrones de calidad de vida previamente estimados derivados de datos objetivos.
- Los datos subjetivos de bienestar rastrearon con éxito patrones objetivos de calidad de vida.
Conclusiones:
- Los datos subjetivos de bienestar, recopilados a través de encuestas, son científicamente significativos y válidos.
- Los hallazgos apoyan la integración de medidas subjetivas y objetivas para una comprensión integral del bienestar.
- Este estudio ofrece una vía potencial para unificar la investigación en diferentes disciplinas mediante la validación de datos subjetivos.
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