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Representaciones múltiples del dolor en la corteza cerebral humana
J D Talbot1, S Marrett, A C Evans
1Laboratoire de neurophysiologie comportementale, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 15, 1991
Resumen
El calor doloroso activa regiones específicas del cerebro como la corteza cingulada anterior, a diferencia de los estímulos táctiles. Esto sugiere una representación neural especializada para el procesamiento del dolor en el cerebro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Procesamiento Sensorial Procesamiento Sensorial
- Percepción del dolor Percepción del dolor
Sus antecedentes:
- La base neural de la percepción del dolor en la corteza cerebral sigue siendo incompletamente entendida en comparación con otros sistemas sensoriales.
- Las investigaciones anteriores se han centrado principalmente en la activación de la corteza somatosensorial para los estímulos táctiles.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la representación cortical cerebral de los estímulos de calor doloroso en los seres humanos.
- Para comparar los patrones de activación cerebral evocados por el calor doloroso frente a los estímulos vibrotactil.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó técnicas de neuroimagen funcional, específicamente imágenes de resonancia magnética (IRM) y tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET).
- Se administraron estímulos de calor dolorosos y estímulos vibrotactilos a los participantes humanos.
- Analizó los patrones de activación cerebral en respuesta a diferentes insumos sensoriales.
Principales resultados:
- El calor doloroso provocó una activación significativa en la corteza cingulada anterior contralateral, la corteza somatosensorial secundaria y la corteza somatosensorial primaria.
- Los estímulos vibratorios predominantemente activaban la corteza somatosensorial primaria.
- Se observó una activación unilateral en la corteza cingulada en respuesta al calor doloroso.
Conclusiones:
- La corteza cerebral exhibe patrones de activación distintos para el dolor en comparación con los estímulos táctiles.
- La corteza cingulada anterior juega un papel específico en la representación del dolor, desafiando las suposiciones anteriores sobre su función emocional generalizada.
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