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El asteroide de tipo E (2867) Steins, fotografiado por OSIRIS a bordo de la nave Rosetta.

H U Keller¹, C Barbieri, D Koschny

¹Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany. keller@linmpi.mpg.de

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 9, 2010

Resumen

La misión Rosetta reveló que el asteroide Steins es un montón de escombros, no una roca sólida. Las imágenes proporcionan evidencia directa del efecto Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) que está cambiando la forma de los asteroides.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
Investigación de asteroides Investigación de asteroides.
Exploración del espacio Exploración espacial

Sus antecedentes:

La misión Rosetta de la Agencia Espacial Europea brindó una oportunidad única para estudiar cuerpos pequeños en el sistema solar.
El asteroide (2867) Steins fue encontrado en ruta hacia el cometa 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para caracterizar las propiedades físicas y la morfología de la superficie del asteroide (2867) Steins.
Para investigar la influencia potencial del efecto Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) en la forma de los asteroides.

Principales métodos:

Imágenes de alta resolución utilizando las cámaras OSIRIS (sistema de imágenes remotas ópticas, espectroscópicas e infrarrojas) a bordo de la nave espacial Rosetta.
Análisis de las características de la superficie, incluyendo cráteres y fallas lineales.
El conteo de cráteres para inferir la edad de la superficie y los procesos.

Principales resultados:

Steins es un cuerpo oblato con un diámetro esférico efectivo de 5,3 km.
La superficie exhibe fallas lineales y un prominente cráter de 2,1 km; no se observaron variaciones de color significativas.
Una notable ausencia de pequeños cráteres sugiere una superficie relativamente joven o una reaparición en curso.
La evidencia indica que Steins es un montón de escombros con una forma cónica, probablemente modificado por la escisión de YORP.

Conclusiones:

Las imágenes de OSIRIS proporcionan evidencia observacional directa del efecto YORP que actúa en un asteroide del cinturón principal.
La morfología y composición de Steins como un montón de escombros son consistentes con una remodelación significativa debido a la aceleración de giro inducida por YORP.