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Los encuentros con la Tierra como origen de superficies frescas en asteroides cercanos a la Tierra
Richard P Binzel1, Alessandro Morbidelli, Sihane Merouane
1Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. rpb@mit.edu
Nature
|January 22, 2010
Resumen
Las superficies de los asteroides se enrojecen rápidamente debido al desgaste espacial. Sin embargo, algunos asteroides muestran colores no desgastados, explicados por encuentros planetarios cercanos que causan estrés de marea y exponen superficies frescas dentro de 500,000 años.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Ciencia de los asteroides Ciencia de los asteroides.
- La intemperie espacial es el clima espacial.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los colores de los asteroides rara vez coinciden con los espectros de los meteoritos debido a la intemperie espacial, que enrojece las superficies con el tiempo.
- Se observan asteroides no climatizados (tipos Q), particularmente aquellos con órbitas que se cruzan cerca de la Tierra y Marte.
- Las teorías anteriores para superficies sin desgaste incluyen colisiones y encuentros planetarios.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la causa de las superficies de asteroides sin climatizar.
- Para determinar si los encuentros planetarios cercanos explican los colores frescos de los asteroides de tipo Q.
- Para resolver la discrepancia entre los colores de los asteroides y los espectros de los meteoritos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las mediciones telescópicas de color de asteroides.
- Comparación de datos espectrales de asteroides con espectros de reflexión de meteoritos de laboratorio.
- Análisis orbital para determinar encuentros planetarios cercanos recientes para asteroides tipo Q.
Principales resultados:
- Los asteroides de tipo Q han experimentado intersecciones orbitales más cercanas que la distancia Tierra-Luna en los últimos 500.000 años.
- Estos asteroides no climatizados no se encuentran entre aquellos sin encuentros planetarios cercanos recientes.
- La evidencia apoya los encuentros planetarios como un proceso dominante de reaparición a corto plazo para los asteroides.
Conclusiones:
- El estrés de marea de los encuentros planetarios cercanos es la causa más probable de la reaparición de asteroides en la superficie, exponiendo material no climatizado.
- Este proceso explica los colores frescos de la superficie de los asteroides de tipo Q.
- El estudio resuelve el rompecabezas de larga data de las diferencias de color entre asteroides y meteoritos.
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