Progresión de la estenosis aórtica valvular: un estudio retrospectivo a largo plazo

S W Davies1, A H Gershlick, R Balcon

  • 1Cardiac Department, London Chest Hospital, U.K.

European heart journal
|January 1, 1991
PubMed

La estenosis valvular aórtica es una afección potencialmente grave. La progresión de una estenosis aórtica leve a grave es bien conocida, pero existen pocos datos sobre la tasa de progresión probable. Se revisaron los resultados clínicos y los datos de cateterismo cardíaco de 65 pacientes con estenosis valvular aórtica. Cada paciente había sido evaluado mediante cateterismo cardíaco en al menos dos ocasiones, con un intervalo entre estudios de entre 1 y 17 años (media de 7 años). En 60 casos, el gradiente de la válvula aórtica había aumentado, de una mediana de 10 mmHg (rango 0-60) a una mediana de 52 mmHg (rango 15-120). La tasa media de incremento del gradiente fue de 6,5 mmHg por año, y fue significativamente más rápida en los pacientes que presentaban calcificación de la válvula aórtica o insuficiencia aórtica en el primer estudio de cateterismo (P menor de 0,02). Este estudio demuestra que la progresión de la estenosis aórtica puede ser muy rápida y se correlaciona con la calcificación y la insuficiencia valvular. Si se propone una cirugía cardíaca debido a una enfermedad coronaria o valvular mitral coexistente en pacientes con gradientes valvulares aórticos leves o moderados, debe considerarse el reemplazo de la válvula aórtica en ese momento.

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